Have you ever wondered how the CAPTCHA tests got started, or
why they are so ridiculous, or even what CAPTCHA means?
Yeah, me neither, until the other day.
Turns out, CAPTCHA tests were invented to aid in the
digitization of books. When the scanning picked up a word that the computer
didn’t recognize, the software would send out two words to be verified – a control
word, like “word” or “control,” along with the word in question.
Who did these words get sent to? You and me. Every time we
had to type in those two words that had some random wavy line running through
them when we were trying to buy something on the interwebs, we were unwittingly
helping a computer accurately convert books to digital form.
If enough of us typed in the second word the same way, the
computer would assume it was valid and use it in the book. Fun, huh?
So, what does CAPTCHA mean? Glad you asked. Apparently, it’s
a contrived acronym for "Completely Automated Public Turing test to tell
Computers and Humans Apart."
What is a Turing test, you are probably asking now, like I
was when I looked up what CAPTCHA meant. The Turing test, originally called
the imitation game by Alan Turing in 1950, is a test of a machine's ability to
exhibit intelligent behavior equivalent to, or indistinguishable from, that of
a human.
(Alan Turing, of course, eventually went on to found Cyberdyne
Systems, which as you know, used CAPTCHA to perfect the artificial intelligence
in Skynet, eventually leading to the machines becoming self-aware and total
thermonuclear destruction of the planet, followed by the terminators. Not a great
legacy, Alan.)
As you also know, the original CAPTCHA system was flawed
because none of us could ever read either of the words through the wavy lines,
and we had to ask for new words at least six times until we got “and” and “cat.”
To improve the system, they made everything wavier and added
numbers, so the words were no longer words. When that didn’t work, they got rid
of the wavy lines and just melted the two number-words, making it impossible to
decipher them no matter how many tries you asked for. This led to a very brief
uptick in consumers shopping at actual stores again. The CAPTCHA folks were
forced to re-improve the system quickly, however, when it was discovered that
all the actual stores had gone out of business.
In September of 2009, Google acquired the CAPTCHA system in
a multi-faceted business deal that also included the purchase of Cyberdyne Systems,
the entire state of California, and the rights to Arnold Schwarzenegger’s body
after he, as they put it, “powers down for the final time.”
At some point, probably due to all the bad Skynet publicity,
Google renamed the system to reCAPTCHA. The “re” stands for “really excellent.”
Google explains the reCAPTCHA system as using an advanced risk analysis
engine and adaptive challenges to keep malicious software from engaging in
abusive activities on your website. Meanwhile, legitimate users will be able to
login, make purchases, view pages, or create accounts and fake users will be
blocked.
Google’s anti-bot detection has become so advanced that it
now works in the background without the need for melted letters and
numbers. There was a brief period of time when we were required to click on all
the pictures in a grid that had a stoplight in them, or a crosswalk, or a car.
This was cumbersome, though, because the guy outside of Google headquarters
with the camera taking pictures of the street could not keep up with demand.
Google finally distilled it down to a single checkbox that
simply asks you to confirm, “I'm not a robot.” This seemingly simple system
works on the wickedly intelligent conundrum a computer would find itself in
when posed with the choice of lying or telling the truth. Computers are forced
to think in terms of ones and zeros, so they are unable to lie because they
would have to divide by zero to do so, which would render them useless. Genius!
The “I'm not a robot” checkbox brings us to the other day.
I clicked it, naturally, but Google didn’t quite believe that I was human. For
the first time in my history with the checkbox, I was given a secondary quiz. I
was presented with the six-picture grid again, only this time, there were no
cars, stoplights, or traffic cones.
Click on each picture that shows a rabbit swimming.
How sophisticated are these bots becoming!? I mean, that is really
specific! We used to just have to distinguish between cats and dogs, or
something like that. Now we have swimming rabbits?
For the first time in all my years with CAPTCHA, I got a
little nervous about what might happen if I got the answer wrong. If we’re all
the way to swimming rabbits in order to detect malicious bots, then these
things are obviously a bigger problem than I thought. Does my door get kicked
in by the FBI if I click on a patch of water with no rabbit?
And I honestly can’t tell if that’s a beaver, and otter, or
a rabbit. It’s just a blurry photo of something swimming and we can only see
the head. Is that a rabbit with its ears back, or some other mammal?
Or is this some super-advanced trickery, and as a human, I’m
supposed to know that rabbits can’t swim? Because honestly, I’m not sure if
they can or not. I mean, that one picture sure looks like a rabbit swimming,
but we all know what a bot can do with photoshop these days.
I would Google whether rabbits can swim or not, but I’m not
falling into that trap. That’s just what the bot would do.
I miss the melted number-words.
See you soon,
-Smidge
Copyright © 2022 Marc Schmatjen
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